dentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. What is the popular standard by which health is being defined for older people?
| 1) | The maintenance of independence |
| 2) | The absence of debilitating diseases |
| 3) | The ability to pay for needed health service |
| 4) | The ability to participate in aerobic exercises |
____ 2. Which is NOT a goal when treating chronic diseases?
| 1) | Symptom management |
| 2) | Prevention of disabling side effects |
| 3) | Maximizing the individual’s strengths |
| 4) | Focusing on curing the disease process |
____ 3. Arthritis is a chronic disease process that affects the health of many older people. What is the best description of health promotion for individuals with arthritis?
| 1) | Activity restrictions to minimize joint pain |
| 2) | Pain management to enhance normal physical activity |
| 3) | Referral of the person to herbalists and massage therapists to seek potential disease cures |
| 4) | Use of walkers and wheelchairs early in the disease process so that the older person is better able to use these aids when he or she is totally debilitated |
____ 4. “One does not have to be free of disease to experience the benefits of wellness and the positive side of living.” What does this statement mean in relationship to the health of older people?
| 1) | Illness is not a good excuse for being inactive. |
| 2) | People’s needs are important, even if they are ill. |
| 3) | A good attitude makes aging a positive learning experience. |
| 4) | Individuals do not have to limit their experience of health simply because they have an illness. |
____ 5. Society is becoming very focused on health promotion. Which purpose statement would most likely appeal to older people selecting a health-promotion program?
| 1) | Focus on extension of life. |
| 2) | Focus on prevention of aging. |
| 3) | Focus on enhancing the quality of life. |
| 4) | Focus on prevention of chronic disease processes. |
____ 6. Which statement best describes the role of the gerontological nurse in developing treatment strategies for people experiencing a chronic disease process?
| 1) | Administering ordered treatments to minimize debilitating symptoms |
| 2) | Assessing elderly clients and identifying treatable causes of pain and discomfort |
| 3) | Setting goals for elderly clients that consider the individual and the chronic disease process |
| 4) | Evaluating the impact of the disease process and treatment on individuals and their functional abilities |
____ 7. What does compliance with a health-promotion program for an elderly person depend on?
| 1) | The older person’s motivation |
| 2) | The time of day that the activity takes place |
| 3) | The older person’s recognition of a health problem |
| 4) | The disabling characteristics of the older person’s disease process |
____ 8. What percentage of people older than 65 years reside in nursing homes?
____ 9. Which is NOT an environmental factor that affects the nutritional habits of older people?
| 1) | Food storage |
| 2) | Transportation |
| 3) | Readability of food labels |
| 4) | Lack of nutritional knowledge |
____ 10. Which program is designed to meet the nutritional and social needs of older people?
| 1) | Food stamps |
| 2) | Meals on Wheels |
| 3) | Senior center–based meal programs |
| 4) | U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) commodities |
____ 11. Which is an appropriate exercise program goal for a frail older adult?
| 1) | Prevent pressure ulcers. |
| 2) | Regain strength to ambulate. |
| 3) | Maintain and increase functional ability. |
| 4) | Increase strength for transfers and physical stamina. |
____ 12. What does aerobic exercise strengthen or increase?
| 1) | Strength |
| 2) | Flexibility |
| 3) | Endurance |
| 4) | Relaxation |
____ 13. Why is slow and gradual stretching of muscles important?
| 1) | Increases muscle endurance |
| 2) | Reduces the risk of muscle injury |
| 3) | Is not part of a usual exercise program |
| 4) | Increases the strength and the bulk of muscles |
____ 14. What is reduced by improving stress-management skills for older adults?
| 1) | Functional disability |
| 2) | Many of the losses related to aging |
| 3) | The occurrence of stress-related events |
| 4) | Worsening of stress-related disease processes |
____ 15. What should the nurse keep in mind when asking an older adult to keep a stress log or journal?
| 1) | It can be too stressful for older adults. |
| 2) | It is usually an effective stress-management technique. |
| 3) | It is difficult because of the long-term nature of most stress for older adults. |
| 4) | It helps older adults recognize the stressful events in their lives and their responses to stress. |
____ 16. Which should NOT be suggested to a patient as a quick relaxer to promote sleep?
| 1) | Imagery |
| 2) | Life review |
| 3) | Roll breathing |
| 4) | Progressive muscle relaxation |
____ 17. A 78-year-old patient having difficulty driving has been allowing his grandchildren to use his car if they agree to drive him to the senior center, grocery store, and other activities. The patient is upset because the grandchildren have not washed the interior or exterior of the car since they started using it and have been late to pick up the patient 4 days in a row. Which is a long-term stress-management skill that may help the patient deal with this stress?
| 1) | Walk to the senior center to get physical exercise. |
| 2) | Use roll breathing when the grandchildren are late. |
| 3) | Take the car back to reduce the worry about the car. |
| 4) | Alter the stressor; establish rules for continued use of the car. |
____ 18. What should the nurse keep in mind about alcohol or drug abuse in an older adult?
| 1) | It is a serious social problem. |
| 2) | Symptoms are easily recognizable. |
| 3) | It negatively affects functional ability. |
| 4) | It is less dangerous and more socially acceptable. |
____ 19. What is the most common health problem of older adults?
| 1) | Acute disease |
| 2) | Chronic disease |
| 3) | Medication management |
| 4) | Repeated hospitalizations |
____ 20. What is one of the commonly occurring changes in the aging body that directly affects nutrition?
| 1) | Most elderly people have dentures. |
| 2) | Most elderly people live under the poverty level and cannot afford nutritious food. |
| 3) | There is no one left to eat with because of death of spouse or children leaving home. |
| 4) | The body’s rate of metabolism slows and the body no longer needs the same amount of food to do the same amount of work. |
____ 21. What do health promotion activities emphasize?
| 1) | Exercise |
| 2) | Weight loss |
| 3) | Illness management |
| 4) | Wellness management |
____ 22. How should the nurse explain motivation to a group of nursing assistants?
| 1) | It is the same for everyone. |
| 2) | It is being forced to make a change. |
| 3) | It is usually caused by something external. |
| 4) | It is the incentive or drive to make a change. |
____ 23. What number of chronic diseases do 50% of older people over the age of 60 have?
____ 24. A group of senior citizens enjoy attending daily swimming lessons but complain that the instructor does not talk loud enough. What is the issue with the design of this health-promotion activity?
| 1) | It is not accessible. |
| 2) | It is not reasonable. |
| 3) | It is not enjoyable and social. |
| 4) | It is not sensitive to the needs of the older adult. |
____ 25. What strategies should the nurse emphasize to prevent osteoporosis in an older adult?
| 1) | Take insulin |
| 2) | Add calcium to the diet, exercise, and avoid alcohol |
| 3) | Add calcium to the diet, avoid smoking, and take aspirin |
| 4) | Add calcium to the diet, take insulin, and decrease fat intake |
____ 26. An 80-year-old patient is unable to leave the house but has good mobility in the home. What should the visiting nurse teach this patient to increase exercise?
| 1) | Do deep knee bends. |
| 2) | Do 15 push-ups two times a day. |
| 3) | Do a range of motion with a can of soup. |
| 4) | Do nothing because the patient is 80 years old. |
____ 27. Which is considered to be a part of the normal aging process?
| 1) | Obesity |
| 2) | Diabetes |
| 3) | Osteoporosis |
| 4) | Loss of muscle elasticity and thickening of tissue around joints |
____ 28. Twice a day an older patient sits in a favorite chair, closes his eyes, takes two deep breaths, and imagines being on the beach in Hawaii. What is occurring with this patient?
| 1) | Exercising |
| 2) | Suffering from dementia |
| 3) | Decreasing his stress with a quick relaxer |
| 4) | Developing a long-term method to reduce stress |
____ 29. The nurse is planning care for an older person experiencing expected body changes associated with aging. What should the nurse identify as an appropriate goal for this patient?
| 1) | Improve physical endurance. |
| 2) | Avoid the onset of chronic illnesses. |
| 3) | Implement actions to reverse the aging process. |
| 4) | Achieve harmony between the body, mind, and spirit. |
____ 30. A newly hired community nurse is identifying health-promotion activities available for aging members of the neighborhood. What action should the nurse take to learn what is currently available for these community members?
| 1) | Count the number of older community members who have a disability. |
| 2) | Survey the community members to find out what activities they prefer. |
| 3) | Go to the community center to find out what activities are designed for older people. |
| 4) | Plan an afternoon hike and note the number of older community members who participate. |
____ 31. During a home visit, the nurse learns that an older patient recovering from total knee replacement surgery has not been performing daily exercises as prescribed. What action should the nurse take first?
| 1) | Cancel the physical therapy sessions. |
| 2) | Reinforce the safe use of the walker for ambulation. |
| 3) | Find out why the patient is not motivated to do the exercises. |
| 4) | Document that the patient is noncompliant with the prescribed medical plan. |
____ 32. During a focused interview, the nurse learns that an older person likes to walk but doesn’t do it regularly because she finds the activity lonely and boring. What should the nurse suggest to this patient?
| 1) | “Listen to a book on tape while you walk.” |
| 2) | “Consider walking with the Mall Walkers.” |
| 3) | “Do it anyway because it is good for your health.” |
| 4) | “Wear ear buds and listen to music while you walk.” |
____ 33. An older patient who used to bowl but has not been able to do so because of arthritis in the shoulder and elbow misses playing with others and socializing. What should the nurse suggest to support this patient’s interest and encourage socialization?
| 1) | Join the library sewing circle. |
| 2) | Learn to play shuffle board instead. |
| 3) | Find out if a computer bowling game can be installed in the community center. |
| 4) | Participate with the group that takes bird-watching walks once a week in the summer. |
____ 34. An older patient wants to grocery shop, do laundry, cook, and perform routine household chores. Which function should the nurse identify as being a priority for this patient?
| 1) | Relaxation |
| 2) | Amusement |
| 3) | Socialization |
| 4) | Independence |
____ 35. An older person likes to swim but will not use the pool in the local gymnasium. What information should help the nurse understand why the person will not engage in this activity?
| 1) | The pool is open from 6:00 am to midnight. |
| 2) | There are always children and young adults in the pool. |
| 3) | The pool has lifeguards seated on each side of the pool. |
| 4) | The pool is heated and has showers and lockers for use. |
____ 36. The nurse observes an older person order an extra value meal in a fast food restaurant and wrap half of the meal in a napkin to take home. What might this behavior suggest to the nurse?
| 1) | The older person does not like to waste food. |
| 2) | The older person is going to feed a pet with the leftovers. |
| 3) | The older person didn’t want to throw the food out in the restaurant. |
| 4) | The older person has limited income and the extra value meal provides food for later. |
____ 37. The nurse notes that activities planned for a community day are limited for older people or those with physical limitations. Which activity should the nurse suggest be added to engage the older adults in physical activity?
| 1) | Tennis |
| 2) | Volleyball |
| 3) | Nature walk |
| 4) | Chair aerobics |
____ 38. During a routine health visit, an older patient states that he has never had a tetanus booster vaccination. What should the nurse instruct this patient about this immunization?
| 1) | It has to be obtained every 5 years. |
| 2) | It should be obtained every 10 years. |
| 3) | It is something to think about getting in the years ahead. |
| 4) | It should be obtained yearly with the influenza vaccination. |
____ 39. The nurse notes that an older patient has been losing weight despite having dentures and adequate financial resources to purchase food. What should the nurse ask the patient to gain more information?
| 1) | “Are you having problems swallowing? |
| 2) | “When was your last dental examination?” |
| 3) | “How often do you clean your dentures?” |
| 4) | “Are you having problems with cooking?” |
____ 40. An older person says that he sees no reason to have medical treatment for arthritis. What should the nurse respond to this statement?
| 1) | “A doctor can help you cure the arthritis.” |
| 2) | “Medical care can help you manage the disorder.” |
| 3) | “It’s important to see a doctor to make sure it isn’t spreading.” |
| 4) | “There is no cure for the disease, so in many ways you are right.” |
____ 41. During an assessment, the nurse notes that an older person has +2 pitting edema of both feet and ankles. Which information should the nurse use to help determine the reason for this patient’s fluid retention?
| 1) | Adding extra salt to all foods |
| 2) | Sipping on water throughout the day |
| 3) | Drinking 8 ounces of water with all medication doses |
| 4) | Having 2 cups of hot tea in the evening after dinner |
____ 42. An older patient asks what can be done to reduce the feelings of fatigue during the day. What should the nurse suggest to this patient?
| 1) | Take a walk. |
| 2) | Sleep an hour longer each night. |
| 3) | Take frequent naps during the day. |
| 4) | Spend more time outside in the sun. |
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 43. What should wellness activities for an older adult include? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Exercise |
| 2) | Self-care |
| 3) | Finances |
| 4) | Nutrition |
| 5) | Relationships |
____ 44. What would be incentives for a 79-year-old man with severe arthritis in the knees to attend biweekly aerobics class? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Having fun |
| 2) | Preventing growing old |
| 3) | Helping to stay healthy |
| 4) | Preventing chronic diseases |
| 5) | Enjoying being with other people |
____ 45. What can inactivity cause? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Diabetes |
| 2) | Weak bones |
| 3) | Heart disease |
| 4) | Muscle wasting |
| 5) | Poor circulation |
____ 46. An older patient on medication for hypertension, arrhythmias, and glaucoma takes over-the-counter medications for allergy symptoms and pain relief. Recently, the patient has had difficulty sleeping and has one to two glasses of wine nightly to help with relaxation. What is this patient at risk for experiencing? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Sleep apnea |
| 2) | Joint stiffness |
| 3) | Increased falls |
| 4) | Increased depression |
| 5) | A toxic or lethal drug interaction |
____ 47. The nurse is preparing a seminar on healthy aging for a group of community members. What should the nurse include as contributing to longer lives for older people? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Food preservatives |
| 2) | Targeted treatments |
| 3) | Advances in surgery |
| 4) | Improved medications |
| 5) | Technology for diagnosis |
____ 48. The nurse determines that a 68-year-old patient is experiencing normal changes associated with aging. What assessment findings did the nurse use to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply.
| 1) | +1 bilateral ankle edema |
| 2) | New onset of right knee stiffness |
| 3) | Weight increase of 3 lb over 6 months |
| 4) | Difficulty hearing high pitched tones |
| 5) | Need to start wearing reading glasses |
____ 49. At the conclusion of a physical assessment the nurse determines that an older patient is experiencing the most chronic conditions of an older person. What did the nurse assess to come to this conclusion? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Hard of hearing |
| 2) | Heart rate 72 and irregular |
| 3) | Blood pressure 168/90 mm Hg |
| 4) | Bilateral hip and knee pain with movement |
| 5) | Skin tags over upper extremities and the back |
____ 50. The nurse determines that an older patient is experiencing environmental stress. What information did the nurse obtain to make this clinical determination? Select all that apply.
| 1) | Woke up four times during the night |
| 2) | Road construction blocking routine driving routes |
| 3) | Living alone after the death of the patient’s spouse |
| 4) | Snow and ice on the sidewalks and steps leading to the house |
| 5) | Having to wait for an adult daughter to pick the patient up for a doctor’s appointment |
Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- ANS: 1
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 1. Recognize aging as a normal process of living rather than a disease process.
Chapter page reference: 107
Heading: Introduction
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | The maintenance of independence in self-care is the best answer. |
| 2 | Throughout the chapter and in related readings and references, the definition of health is referred to as more than just the absence of disease. |
| 3 | Financial security can positively affect one’s ability to access health-promotion services, but it is not a discriminating factor for defining health. |
| 4 | This addresses only one aspect of health promotion and is not a standard that measures health. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Chronic Disease
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Treatment of chronic disease includes symptom management. |
| 2 | Treatment of chronic disease includes prevention of disabling side effects. |
| 3 | Treatment of chronic disease includes maximizing the individual’s strengths. |
| 4 | Chronic diseases cannot be cured, but are managed for symptom control, prevention of side effects, and promotion of the highest level of self-care and function. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 111
Heading: Chronic Disease
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Mobility; Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Activity restrictions to minimize joint pain would have a negative effect on self-care and self-esteem. |
| 2 | Maintaining physical activity has the positive effect of increasing bone mass, promoting muscle tone, preventing disability, promoting independence, and fostering emotional health. |
| 3 | The use of alternatives to medical care often has a positive effect on the symptoms of chronic diseases, but these alternatives would not cure the person of the chronic disease. |
| 4 | Using walkers and wheelchairs early in the disease process would have a negative effect on self-care and self-esteem. |
PTS: 1 CON: Mobility | Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 1. Recognize aging as a normal process of living rather than a disease process.
Chapter page reference: 107
Heading: Introduction
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Illness is not a good excuse for being inactive may be true, however, it does not explain the intention for older people. |
| 2 | People’s needs are important, even if they are ill may be true, however, it does not explain the intention for older people. |
| 3 | A good attitude makes aging a positive learning experience may be true, however, it does not explain the intention for older people. |
| 4 | Health and health promotion can address the vitality and independence of older people, even if they have a chronic disease. The experience of health is not reserved for only persons who do not have an illness. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Health-Promotion Activities
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Focusing on extension of life is a youth-based purpose for health promotion. |
| 2 | Focusing on the prevention of aging is a youth-based purpose for health promotion. |
| 3 | Programs designed for the purpose of enhancing one’s life would be the most appealing. |
| 4 | Focusing on prevention of chronic disease processes is a youth-based purpose for health promotion. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 111
Heading: Treatment Strategies
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Administering ordered treatments to minimize debilitating symptoms addresses parts of the nurse’s responsibilities but does not consider the individuality of the older person. |
| 2 | Assessing elderly clients and identifying treatable causes of pain and discomfort addresses parts of the nurse’s responsibilities but does not consider the individuality of the older person. |
| 3 | Setting goals for elderly clients that consider the individual and the chronic disease process addresses parts of the nurse’s responsibilities but does not consider the individuality of the older person. |
| 4 | The gerontological nurse must constantly question and evaluate nursing care. Does the nursing care build on the older person’s strengths or does it foster dependency? |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 1
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 4. Examine the importance motivation plays in an older person’s ability to participate in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities.
Chapter page reference: 108
Heading: Motivation
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Nursing; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Motivation is the driving force behind compliance with any prescribed or individually developed health-promotion program. |
| 2 | An elderly patient often cites time of day as an obstacle to following through with a health-promotion activity. |
| 3 | Simple recognition of a problem does not provide incentive or motivation to participate in a health-promotion program. |
| 4 | An elderly patient often cites illness as an obstacle to following through with a health-promotion activity. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing | Promoting Health
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 1. Recognize aging as a normal process of living rather than a disease process.
Chapter page reference: 106
Heading: Introduction
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
Cognitive level: Remembering [Knowledge]
Concept: Nursing
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | More than 3% of people age 65 or older reside in nursing homes. |
| 2 | Only 5% of people 65 years old or older reside in nursing homes. |
| 3 | Less than 10% of people age 65 or older reside in nursing homes. |
| 4 | Less than 15% of people age 65 or older reside in nursing homes. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 112
Heading: Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Remembering [Knowledge]
Concept: Nutrition
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Food storage is an environmental factor that can affect an older person’s nutritional habits. |
| 2 | Transportation is an environmental factor that can affect an older person’s nutritional habits. |
| 3 | Readability of food labels is an environmental factor that can affect an older person’s nutritional habits. |
| 4 | Lack of nutritional knowledge is a personal barrier that affects nutrition. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nutrition
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 112
Heading: Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Nutrition
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | The food stamps program is state and federally funded. It provides food vouchers for low-income people of all ages. |
| 2 | Meals on Wheels delivers meals to older adults, but does not provide social contact. |
| 3 | Senior centers across the United States provide activities for older adults, and most serve a meal once a day during the week while groups of seniors are at the centers. |
| 4 | The USDA distributes food commodities, such as butter and cheese, to older adults and low-income families, but does not provide social contact. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nutrition
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 113
Heading: Exercise and Fitness
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Mobility
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | This assumes that the older adult is bedbound. |
| 2 | This assumes that the older adult is unable to ambulate. |
| 3 | Activities that assist older adults in preserving their ability to function independently would be appropriate for frail older adults. |
| 4 | Increased strength for transfers and physical stamina may be appropriate but does not address the necessity of relating strength and stamina to function. |
PTS: 1 CON: Mobility
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 115
Heading: Endurance
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Mobility
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Strengthening requires movement against resistance. |
| 2 | Flexibility requires stretching. |
| 3 | Aerobic exercise increases endurance through improving the functions of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels. |
| 4 | Relaxation uses deep or rhythmic breathing to relax muscles and relieve stress. |
PTS: 1 CON: Mobility
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 114
Heading: Flexibility
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Mobility
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Stretching muscles increases functional range of motion, but does not increase muscle endurance. |
| 2 | Stretching of all muscle groups increases flexibility and range of motion and assists in preventing muscle injury. |
| 3 | Stretching is viewed as an important part of all exercise programs. |
| 4 | Stretching muscles increases functional range of motion, but does not increase muscle strength. |
PTS: 1 CON: Mobility
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 116
Heading: Stress
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Stress
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Older people can be immobilized by stress but the functional disability is usually associated with a stress-related disease process. |
| 2 | Stress-management techniques do not reduce the amount of stress related to aging. |
| 3 | Stress-management techniques do not reduce the occurrence of stress-related events. |
| 4 | Stress is related to worsening of many disease processes. |
PTS: 1 CON: Stress
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 116
Heading: Stress
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Stress
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Stress logs assist with increasing an older adult’s awareness of stress. |
| 2 | Keeping a stress log is not a stress-management technique. |
| 3 | Older adults have the potential to identify and adjust effectively to stressors in their lives. |
| 4 | A log or journal is one way to assist older adults in identifying stress in their lives. |
PTS: 1 CON: Stress
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 116
Heading: Stress
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Stress
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Imagery is a stress-management strategy that enhances relaxation and promotes sleep. |
| 2 | Life review is a structured and time-consuming exercise. Life review often produces stress. |
| 3 | Roll breathing is a stress-management strategy that enhances relaxation and promotes sleep. |
| 4 | Progressive muscle relaxation is a stress-management strategy that enhances relaxation and promotes sleep. |
PTS: 1 CON: Stress
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 116
Heading: Stress
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Stress
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Exercise is a good stress reliever and the patient would not have to deal with the worry and stress related to the condition of his car and his lack of transportation, however, this is not appropriate for the patient’s health status. |
| 2 | Roll breathing is a good stress-management strategy, but it is a quick technique and does not change the stressor. |
| 3 | Taking the car back would cause stress of being unable to go to the senior center and shopping. |
| 4 | Altering the stressor by making rules for the car use would change the stress at its source. |
PTS: 1 CON: Stress
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 117
Heading: Alcohol, Drugs, and Aging
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Addiction
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | The negative physical effects of alcohol and drugs can increase potential for injury and disability. |
| 2 | Alcoholism and drug abuse are often missed in reviewing the problems of older adults. |
| 3 | Alcohol and drug abuse are serious problems for many older adults. The physical effects and social isolation associated with alcohol and drug abuse are serious threats to the functional independence of older adults. |
| 4 | Alcohol or drug abuse are not socially accepted, but rather are socially ignored. |
PTS: 1 CON: Addiction
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 110
Heading: Chronic Disease
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Nursing
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Acute diseases are not the most common problem for older adults. |
| 2 | The most common health problem in older adults is chronic diseases. |
| 3 | Medication management is not a health problem. |
| 4 | Repeated hospitalizations are not a health problem. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 112
Heading: Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Nutrition
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | More and more elderly people have their own teeth because of modern dentistry techniques. |
| 2 | This is not a commonly occurring change in the aging body. |
| 3 | This is not a commonly occurring change in the aging body. |
| 4 | With aging the metabolism rate slows. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nutrition
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Health-Promotion Activities
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Exercise may be a component of wellness management. |
| 2 | Weight loss may be a component of wellness management. |
| 3 | Traditional medicine focuses on the illness end of a continuum. |
| 4 | Health promotion focuses on wellness management. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 4. Examine the importance motivation plays in an older person’s ability to participate in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities.
Chapter page reference: 108
Heading: Motivation
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Motivation is different for everyone. |
| 2 | Motivation is not being forced to make a change. |
| 3 | Motivation can be caused by internal or external factors. |
| 4 | Motivation is an individualized desire to make a change. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 110
Heading: Chronic Disease
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Nursing
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | 50% of older people over the age of 60 have more than one chronic disease. |
| 2 | 50% of older people over the age of 60 have two chronic diseases. |
| 3 | 50% of older people over the age of 60 do not have four chronic diseases. |
| 4 | 50% of older people over the age of 60 do not have eight chronic diseases. |
PTS: 1 CON: Nursing
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 110
Heading: Health-Promotion Activities
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | The program is accessible because the senior citizens attend it every day. |
| 2 | It is reasonable because it is the right activity for the correct reason. |
| 3 | It is enjoyable and social because the people attend together |
| 4 | It is not sensitive to the hearing issues of the older adult. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 112
Heading: Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation; Teaching/Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health; Nursing Roles
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Taking insulin is for people with diabetes, with a physician’s orders only. |
| 2 | Adding calcium to the diet, exercising, and avoiding alcohol are key strategies to prevent osteoporosis. |
| 3 | Taking aspirin has no impact on the development of osteoporosis. |
| 4 | Decreasing fat intake has no impact on the development of osteoporosis. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health | Nursing Roles
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 114
Heading: Exercise and Fitness
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation; Teaching/Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health; Nursing Roles
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Deep knee bends may be a little aggressive for an older adult who is home alone. |
| 2 | Push-ups may be a little aggressive for an older adult who is home alone. |
| 3 | Simple exercises with a small can assist an older adult in strength building. |
| 4 | Exercise, when appropriately planned, can be done with all ages—regardless of circumstances. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health | Nursing Roles
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 114
Heading: Flexibility
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Knowledge [Remembering]
Concept: Mobility; Promoting Health; Nursing
Difficulty: Easy
| Feedback |
| 1 | Obesity is not part of the normal aging process. |
| 2 | Diabetes is not part of the normal aging process. |
| 3 | Osteoporosis is not part of the normal aging process. |
| 4 | Loss of muscle elasticity and thickening of tissue around joints are a part of the normal aging process. |
PTS: 1 CON: Mobility | Promoting Health | Nursing
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 3. Recommend key health-promotion and disease-prevention activities appropriate for older people.
Chapter page reference: 116
Heading: Stress
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Stress; Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | This action is not exercise. |
| 2 | The patient does not have dementia. |
| 3 | Imagining a pleasant place or situation is a quick technique to relax and counteract distress. |
| 4 | This tool is not for long-term stress management. |
PTS: 1 CON: Stress | Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 1. Recognize aging as a normal process of living rather than a disease process.
Chapter page reference: 107
Heading: Introduction
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Planning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health; Nursing
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | The objective is not to run a marathon. |
| 2 | The objective is not to never experience illness. |
| 3 | The fountain of youth does not exist. |
| 4 | Harmony between the body, mind, and spirit can occur if individuals strive for gerotranscendence as they age. When aging individuals achieve this developmental stage, they are able to accept the naturally occurring losses of the aging experience. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health | Nursing
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 1. Recognize aging as a normal process of living rather than a disease process.
Chapter page reference: 107
Heading: Priority Setting 6.1
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health; Nursing
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Counting the number of older community members with a disability will not help the nurse learn what health-promotion activities are currently available for aging community members. |
| 2 | Surveying the community members to find out what activities they prefer will not help the nurse learn what health-promotion activities are currently available for aging community members. |
| 3 | The nurse should visit the local senior citizens’ center and become familiar with what they offer. The center can refer the nurse to other organizations that assist elderly people to be healthy. |
| 4 | Planning an afternoon hike and noting the number of older community members who participate will not help the nurse learn what health-promotion activities are currently available for aging community members. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health | Nursing
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 4. Examine the importance motivation plays in an older person’s ability to participate in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Motivation
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health; Nursing
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | It is premature to cancel the patient’s physical therapy sessions. |
| 2 | Reinforcing the safe use of a walker is a nursing action for safety, however, it does not help identify why the patient does not want to do the exercises. |
| 3 | The nursing challenge is to assist older adults in identifying their own incentives for participation in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities. |
| 4 | The nurse needs to find out why the patient is noncompliant and not just document this as a finding. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health | Nursing
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 4. Examine the importance motivation plays in an older person’s ability to participate in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Incentives
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Listening to a book on tape will not remove the feelings of loneliness and boredom. |
| 2 | The patient finds walking alone lonesome and boring. The nurse should suggest that the patient walk with the Mall Walkers to help with socialization. |
| 3 | The patient needs to be motivated beyond walking as being good for health. |
| 4 | Listening to music will not help remove the feelings of loneliness and boredom. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 3
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 4. Examine the importance motivation plays in an older person’s ability to participate in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Incentives
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Sewing is not a physical activity. |
| 2 | Shuffle board has not been identified as a sport that the patient likes to perform. |
| 3 | There are computer games that simulate sports. Finding out if this game can be installed in the community center would support the patient’s need for participating in a sport that she loves while encouraging the socialization of bowling with other people. |
| 4 | Bird watching is not an activity that the patient identified as something of interest. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 4. Examine the importance motivation plays in an older person’s ability to participate in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Incentives
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | Shopping, laundry, cooking, and household chores would not be relaxing. |
| 2 | Shopping, laundry, cooking, and household chores would not be done for amusement. |
| 3 | Shopping, laundry, cooking, and household chores are usually done as solo activities and not in a group for socialization. |
| 4 | The patient is identifying activities that support independent living. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 2
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Health-Promotion Activities
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | The pool’s hours of operation should not be an issue. |
| 2 | The emphasis on young and healthy-appearing people might be intimidating to the older person. |
| 3 | Lifeguards would be a safety feature. |
| 4 | Heated water and shower and locker facilities would be positive features. |
PTS: 1 CON: Promoting Health
- ANS: 4
Chapter number and title: Chapter 6: Promoting Wellness
Chapter/learning objective: 2. Describe the role nurses play in health-promotion and disease-prevention activities for older people.
Chapter page reference: 109
Heading: Health-Promotion Activities
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Promoting Health
Difficulty: Moderate
| Feedback |
| 1 | It is unlikely that the older person is going to waste the food. |
| 2 | It is unlikely that the older person is going to feed a pet with the fast food obtained. |
| 3 | It is unlikely that the older person is concerned about throwing food away in the restaurant. |
| 4 | Self-responsibility for health might be limited based on personal circumstances. By ordering the extra value meal the person is getting more food for less money. The extra food can be saved for later. |
