1. Behavior modification places emphasis on current environmental events as important causes of behavior.
a.
True
b.
False
ANSWER:
2. Behavior modification treatments are implemented by persons in everyday life.
3. Behavior modification emphasizes past events as important causes of behavior.
4. Behavior modification emphasizes hypothetical underlying causes of behavior.
5. In behavior modification, measurement of behavior before and after treatment is important.
6. Behavior modification is also referred to as applied behavior analysis.
7. Pavlov did experiments in operant behavior.
8. A behavior does not have an impact on the environment.
9. Behavior is defined as what people do and say.
10. All behavior is overt or observable by others.
Multiple Choice
11. In behavior modification, what a person says and does is referred to as:
behavior
effort
c.
motivated acts
d.
intention
a
12. Behavior is defined as:
traits of a person
what a person says and does
a person’s mental processes
attitudes and beliefs that lead to action
b
13. The subject matter behavior modification concerns itself with is/are:
past events
human characteristics
internal motivation
human behavior
d
14. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of behavior?
behavior has dimensions
behavior is lawful
behavior can be observed, described, and recorded
behavior is always overt
15. Which of the following is NOT a dimension of behavior?
frequency
impact
duration
intensity
16. Frequency, duration, intensity, and latency are __________________ of behavior.
states
dimensions
phases
qualities
17. During a basketball game, John made 10 baskets. The number of baskets John made is an example of:
latency.
intensity.
duration.
frequency.
18. The amount of time it takes a student to complete a test would be an example of what dimension of behavior?
intensity
latency
c
19. What dimension of behavior is a measure of how long the behavior occurred?
20. Mary’s parents are concerned about her screaming. If the loudness of Mary’s screams is what they are interested in, this would be an example of:
21. Tommy’s teacher observes him purposely shove another student. Tommy’s observable act of shoving would be an example of:
covert behavior
overt behavior
22. An example of covert behavior would be:
thinking
writing
running
frowning
23. Mark’s parents are trying to figure out why he hits his little brother. The process of trying to identify the functional relationship between a behavior and the environment is referred to as:
targeting
analysis
modification
exploration
24. With training from a behavior analyst, Mark’s parents take steps to help him change his behavior of hitting his little brother. The process of developing and implementing techniques to influence behavior is known as:
assessment
observation
modification
25. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of behavior modification?
focus on behavior
procedures based on behavioral principles
emphasis on past events
precise description of procedures
26. Behavior modification procedures are designed to change:
characteristics of people
traits
all of these
27. Cindy bites her nails but wants to stop. The behavior she wants to change (biting her nails) is called the:
negative behavior
target behavior
controlling variable
independent variable
28. A behavior excess is a behavior that:
occurs too much
annoys other people
occurs at the wrong time
needs to be increased
29. Alex likes to drive faster than the speed limit. Alex’s behavior of driving too fast is an example of a:
behavioral risk
behavioral deficit
behavioral excess
behavioral intention
30. Sam gets poor grades in school because he rarely studies. Sam’s lack of studying is an example of:
avoidance
poor motivation
a behavioral excess
a behavioral deficit
31. An event in the immediate environment that controls a behavior is referred to as:
a dependent variable
a reactive variable
a controlling variable
an extraneous variable
32. In behavior modification, measurement of behavior is taken:
before intervention
during intervention
following intervention
33. Which of the following was an important figure in the development of behavior modification who demonstrated that a reflex could be conditioned to a neutral stimulus?
Freud
Pavlov
Thorndike
Skinner
34. Thorndike demonstrated that a behavior which produces a favorable effect on the environment will likely be repeated. This is known as the:
law of effect
law of causation
law of behavior
law of replication
35. Watson started a movement in psychology known as:
psychoanalysis
experimental psychology
behaviorism
existentialism
36. Who is credited with laying the foundation of behavior modification?
Skinner
Watson
37. In which area has the most behavior modification research been conducted?
mental illness
clinical psychology
community psychology
developmental disabilities
38. In what area(s) can behavior modification procedures be used?
education
rehabilitation
business and industry
39. In which area do individuals use behavior modification procedures on their own behaviors?
gerontology
self-management
40. Behavior modification:
has a limited number of applications
has a broad number of applications
is mostly used with children
is rarely used these days
Completion
41. Behavior is defined as _________________________________________________________.
what people say and do
42. Frequency, duration, intensity, and latency are called _________________________ of behavior.
43. Behavior has an impact on the ________________________ and/or __________________________environment.
social, physical; physical, social
44. A(n) _______________________ behavior can be observed and recorded by another individual.
overt
45. A(n) ________________________ behavior, also called a private event, is not observable to others.
covert
46. Behavior modification is the field of psychology concerned with the ____________________________ and _____________________________ of human behavior.
analysis, modification; modification, analysis
47. A behavioral excess is defined as _______________________________________________.
too much of a particular behavior
48. A behavioral deficit is defined as _______________________________________________.
too little of a particular behavior
49. Another term for behavior modifications is _______________________________.
applied behavior analysis
50. (Theorists) ______________ first described the conditioned reflex. ______________ demonstrated the law of effect. ______________ conducted research on basic principles of operant behavior that laid the foundation for behavior modification.
Pavlov; Thorndike; Skinner
Subjective Short Answer
51. Identify five areas of application of behavior modification.
Areas of application of behavior modification are developmental disabilities, education, community psychology, business, industry and human services, self-management, prevention, health-related behaviors, mental illness, rehabilitation, clinical psychology, child-management, sports psychology, and gerontology.
52. What are four dimensions of behavior that can be observed?
Four dimensions of behavior that can be observed are frequency, duration, intensity, and latency.
53. What does it mean to say that behavior is lawful?
To say that behavior is lawful is to say that its occurrence is systematically influenced by environmental events.
54. What is the difference between overt and covert behavior?
An overt behavior is an action of an individual that can be observed and recorded by an individual other than the one engaging in the behavior. Covert behaviors are not observable to others.
55. Why does behavior modification focus on changing current environmental variables rather than past events to change behavior?
Although information of past events is useful, knowledge of current controlling variables will be most useful for developing effective behavior modification interventions because you can only change events in the current environment as part of a behavior modification intervention.
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