Test Bank Discovering Statistics, 3rd Edition Daniel T. Larose A+

1. The average amount of precipitation (rain and snow) in Seattle, Washington, is summarized in the bar graph below.

Source: Data taken from seattle.gov website.

(http://www.seattle.gov/living-...)

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According to the bar graph, between what two months is there the largest increase in precipitation?

2. The average amount of precipitation (rain and snow) in Seattle, Washington, is summarized in the bar graph below.


Source: Data taken from seattle.gov website.
(http://www.seattle.gov/living-...)


According to the bar graph, what month has the highest average precipitation and what month has the lowest average precipitation?

3. The average attendance for teams in Major League Baseball for 2014 is described in the table below.

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Source: MLB Attendance Report, taken from the ESPN website.

(http://espn.go.com/mlb/attenda...)

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Which team had the highest overall average attendance in 2014?

4. The average attendance for teams in Major League Baseball for 2014 is described in the table below.

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Source: MLB Attendance Report, taken from the ESPN website.

(http://espn.go.com/mlb/attenda...)

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Which team had the highest average road attendance?

5. The average attendance for teams in Major League Baseball for 2014 is described in the table below.

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Source: MLB Attendance Report, taken from the ESPN website.

(http://espn.go.com/mlb/attenda...)

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True or False: According to the table, the Boston Red Sox have, on average, over 10,000 fewer people in attendance at home compared to the Los Angeles Dodgers.

6. The percentage of adults who were current, former, or never smokers in 2009 is given by gender in the following bar graph.

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Sources: CDC, National Health Interview Surveys.

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According to the bar graph, in 2009 were adult males or females more likely to have never smoked?

7. The percentage of adults who were current, former, or never smokers in 2009 is given by gender in the following bar graph.

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Sources: CDC, National Health Interview Surveys.

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For adult males, approximately what percentage responded "Current" in 2009?

8. The percentage of adults who were current, former, or never smokers in 2009 is given by gender in the following bar graph.

Sources: CDC, National Health Interview Surveys.

For adult females, what was the most common response?

9. In the figure below, the percentage of the adult population with a high school diploma is plotted against the percentage of families living below the poverty level in 2009 for each of the 50 states. The straight line is a regression line approximating the relationship between the percentage of families living in poverty and the percentage of the population with a high school diploma.

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Sources: U.S. Census Bureau statistical abstract.

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In 2009, the percentage of adults living in California with a high school diploma was 80.6%. Approximately what percentage of families was living in poverty in California in 2009?

10. In the figure below, the percentage of the adult population with a high school diploma is plotted against the percentage of families living below the poverty level in 2009 for each of the 50 states. The straight line is a regression line approximating the relationship between the percentage of families living in poverty and the percentage of the population with a high school diploma.

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Sources: U.S. Census Bureau statistical abstract.

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Given that the percentage of adults living in California with a high school diploma was 80.6%, estimate the percentage of California families living in poverty using the regression line.

11. The average amount of precipitation (rain and snow) in Seattle, Washington, is summarized in the bar graph below.


Source: Data taken from seattle.gov website.
(http://www.seattle.gov/living-...)

True or False: The variable depicted in the bar graph, "Precipitation (in inches)," is a qualitative variable.

12. A(n) ____________ is a specific entity about which information is collected.

13. True/False: A statistic is a characteristic of an element, which can assume different values for different elements.

14. ______________ statistics consists of methods for estimating and drawing conclusions about population characteristics based on the information in the sample.

15. ______________ statistics refers to methods for summarizing and organizing the information in a data set.

16. A magazine editor designs a survey to better serve the interests of the magazine's readers. Some of the questions about the respondent include the respondent's:
i) age.
ii) gender.
iii) income.
Which of these variables are qualitative?

17. A magazine editor designs a survey to better serve the interests of the magazine's readers.
Some of the questions about the respondent include the respondent's:
i) age.
ii) gender.
iii) income.
Which of these variables represent ratio data?

18. Participants in a weight-loss program are asked for the following biographical information upon entering the program:

i) weight.

ii) gender.

iii) age.

Which of these variables are quantitative?

19. Participants in a weight-loss program are asked for the following biographical information upon entering the program:

i) weight.

ii) gender.

iii) age.

Which of these variables are discrete?

20. Identify which level of measurement is represented by the following data:
the year you were born.

21. Identify which level of measurement is represented by the following data:
your major in college.

22. Identify which level of measurement is represented by the following data:
the number of siblings you have.

23. Identify which level of measurement is represented by the following data:
on a scale of 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree), do you agree or disagree that people convicted of murder should be subject to the death penalty?

24. An on-campus career counselor would like to know what percentage of the college's graduates from the past 5 years are currently employed in their degree field. He interviews 300 graduates from the past 5 years. Define the population.

25. An on-campus career counselor would like to know what percentage of the college's graduates from the past 5 years are currently employed in their degree field. He interviews 300 graduates from the past 5 years. Define the sample.

26. In a survey of 700 residents, 440 were in support of a tax increase to cover the cost of building a new community recreation center. An advocate for the new center then stated that 63% of the town was in favor of the increase. Is this an example of descriptive statistics or statistical inference?

27. In a survey of 5,000 tenth-graders, 265 had used marijuana in the past month. Is this an example of descriptive statistics or statistical inference?

28. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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List the elements.

29. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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List the variables.

30. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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Which variables are quantitative?

31. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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Which variables are qualitative?

32. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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Which level of measurement is represented by the data in the column "Birth year"?

33. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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Which level of measurement is represented by the data in the column "Age at inauguration"?

34. The following table gives biographical information on the five most recent U.S. presidents.

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Which level of measurement is represented by the data in the column "Religion"?

35. If we compute the average age at inauguration of all U.S. presidents, we are computing a(n) ________________.

36. If we compute the average age at inauguration of these five U.S. presidents, we are computing a(n) __________________.

37. The following table gives K-12 education data for the seven states having the least amount of expenditure ($) per student in the 2007–2008 school year.

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Source: National Education Association.

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List the elements.

38. The following table gives K-12 education data for the seven states having the least amount of expenditure ($) per student in the 2007–2008 school year.

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Source: National Education Association.

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List the variables.

39. The following table gives K-12 education data for the seven states having the least amount of expenditure ($) per student in the 2007–2008 school year.

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Source: National Education Association.

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Which of the variables are quantitative?

40. The following table gives K-12 education data for the seven states having the least amount of expenditure ($) per student in the 2007–2008 school year.

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Source: National Education Association.

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Which of the variables are qualitative?

41. The following table gives K-12 education data for the seven states having the least amount of expenditure ($) per student in the 2007–2008 school year.

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Source: National Education Association.

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Which of the variables are discrete?

42. The following table gives K-12 education data for the seven states having the least amount of expenditure ($) per student in the 2007–2008 school year.

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Source: National Education Association.

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Which level of measurement is represented by the data in the column "Current Expenditure"?

43. Data on the top five companies to work for in 2011 (according to Fortune magazine) are presented in the following table.

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List the elements.

44. Data on the top five companies to work for in 2011 (according to Fortune magazine) are presented in the following table.

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List the variables.

45. Data on the top five companies to work for in 2011 (according to Fortune magazine) are presented in the following table.

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Identify the level of measurement represented by the data in the column "Onsite child care."

46. Data on the top five companies to work for in 2011 (according to Fortune magazine) are presented in the following table.

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Is the variable "U.S. employees" discrete or continuous?

47. Data on the top five companies to work for in 2011 (according to Fortune magazine) are presented in the following table.

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Identify the level of measurement represented by the data in the column "Job Growth."

48. The following table presents information about four fitness centers:

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List the elements.

49. The following table presents information about four fitness centers:

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List the variables.

50. The following table presents information about four fitness centers:

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Which variables are qualitative?

51. The following table presents information about four fitness centers:

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The variable "Opening time" represents data at which level of measurement?

52. The following table presents information about four fitness centers:

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The variable "Opening time" represents data at which level of measurement?

53. Variables of interest when comparing new cars include:
i) price ii) weight iii) number of passenger seats iv) miles per gallon

Which of these variables are continuous?

54. Variables of interest when comparing new cars include:
i) price ii) weight iii) number of passenger seats iv) miles per gallon

Which of these variables are quantitative?

55. Variables of interest when comparing new cars include:
i) price ii) weight iii) number of passenger seats iv) miles per gallon

Which of these variables are discrete?

56. A(n) __________________ is an outcome, a characteristic of the subjects of the experiment presumably brought about by differences in the predictor variable or treatment.

57. A quality control engineer at a manufacturing company samples every tenth production lot in order to estimate the proportion of defective items being produced. This is an example of what type of sampling?

58. A computer program generates random 4 digit numbers that are then matched to college freshmen at a particular school in order to estimate the number of students returning the following year. This is an example of what type of sampling?

59. A cable company divides its service area into neighborhoods, randomly selects 30 of these neighborhoods, and then within these 30 neighborhoods, surveys each residence to determine which of the cable company's services the residence is using. This is an example of what type of sampling?

60. A cable company divides its service area into neighborhoods, randomly selects 30 of these neighborhoods, and then within these 30 neighborhoods, surveys each residence to determine which, if any, of the cable company's services the residence is using. Identify the target population.

61. A cable company divides its service area into neighborhoods, randomly selects 30 of these neighborhoods, and then within these 30 neighborhoods, surveys each residence to determine which, if any, of the cable company's services the residence is using. Identify the potential population.

62. Students at a state university are sorted according to class (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior). The registrar then obtains a random sample of size 150 from each class. This is an example of what type of sampling?

63. A journalist attends a town hall meeting and surveys the attendees regarding the upcoming election for mayor. This is an example of what type of sampling?

64. The CEO of a manufacturing company is interested in whether a new type of machinery would increase daily output. He decides to rent the new machine for a week and compare the average daily output to his company's current average daily output. Which type of study is involved?

65. An advocate for a law banning cell phone use while driving is interested in the percentage of accidents involving drivers using cell phones. Which type of study is involved?

66. The manager of a health club would like to know whether members who attend spinning classes exercise more frequently than members who do not attend spinning classes. Which type of study is involved?

67. The manager of a health club would like to know whether members who attend spinning classes exercise more frequently than members who do not attend spinning classes. Identify the response and predictor variables.

68. To determine whether members who attend at least one exercise class per week exercise more frequently than members who do not attend an exercise class at least once a week, the manager of a health club asks every member who attends the gym during the next week to fill out a questionnaire asking whether they attend at least one exercise class per week and how many times they exercise per week. Identify the manager's target population.

69. To determine whether members who attend at least one exercise class per week exercise more frequently than members who do not attend an exercise class at least once a week, the manager of a health club asks every member who attends the gym during the next week to fill out a questionnaire asking whether they attend at least one exercise class per week and how many times they exercise per week. Identify the manager's potential population.

70. Do first graders who participate in a new reading program score higher on reading assessment tests? Identify the response and predictor variables.

71. A pharmaceutical company would like to know whether subjects experience more headaches when taking a new blood pressure medication than when taking a placebo. Identify the response and predictor variables.

72. A pharmaceutical company would like to know whether subjects experience more headaches when taking a new blood pressure medication than when taking a placebo. To investigate, subjects with high blood pressure are enrolled in a randomized trial and randomly assigned to receive the placebo or the new medication. Identify the target and potential populations.

73. Indicate whether randomization is present and whether sufficient replication has been made.
A new drug is being tested for its effects on migraines. Ten volunteers are split into two groups where one group is given the new drug while the other group receives a placebo.

74. Indicate whether randomization is present and whether sufficient replication has been made.
An experiment is conducted to see whether a new weight loss drug will outperform diet and exercise. A group of 100 volunteers are randomly split where one group is administered the new drug while the other group is put on a diet and exercise regimen.

75. Indicate whether randomization is present and whether sufficient replication has been made.
An experiment is conducted to see if the new model of a car gets better gas mileage then the previous model. A website asks anyone with this model to report gas mileage for their vehicle.