1. Match the terms from the following groups:
1. Substances entering the cell
2. Waste products leaving the cell
3. Conditions which allow life to continue
a. Steady temperature; pH between 7.35 and 7.45; electrolyte balance
b. Oxygen; substances for building complex molecules; substances acting as energy sources
c. Ammonia; carbon dioxide
Ans: 1[b], 2[c], 3[a].
2. Which term is used to describe the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the cell or body?
*a. homeostasis
b. equilibrium
c. pH balance
d. oxidative phosphorylation
3.Which of the following lists the correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy of the body?
a. organ, organ system, cellular, tissue, organism
b. chemical, cellular, tissue, organism, organ, organ system
*c. chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
d. organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
4.Consider a feedback loop where the stimulus is an increase in blood sugar. If the feedback loop is a negative feedback loop, what would be the result of such a stimulus?
a. increase in blood sugar levels
*b. decrease in blood sugar levels
c. initial increase in blood sugar levels, followed by a decrease
d. initial decrease in blood sugar levels, followed by an increase
5. What is the result of the initial stimulus in a positive feedback loop?
a. The stimulus is suppressed.
b. The stimulus is switched off.
c. There is no effect on the stimulus.
*d. The stimulus is amplified or exaggerated.
6. In systems controlled by negative feedback, the effector response returns the level of the stimulus towards its original level.
*a. True
b. False
7. Which of the following lists the correct sequence of messaging between the components of a control system?
a. control centre, receptors, effectors
*b. receptors, control centre, effectors
c. receptors, effectors, control system
d. effectors, control system, receptors
8. Which of the following apply to the control centre?
a. It sets the limits for a specific variable.
b. It integrates the information received with other information.
c. It sends instructions to change the action of the effector.
d. a. and c. above only
*e. a., b. and c. above
9. Insert the missing term. Receptors and ______ communicate with the control centre to form a feedback system that regulates various internal conditions
Ans: effectors
10. Match the following descriptions with the correct body system.
1. the system that processes sensory information
2. the system that delivers nutrients to body tissues
3. the system that breaks down and absorbs food
4. the system that includes the fingernails
5. the system that includes the bladder
a. Urinary/renal
b. Integumentary
c. Digestive
d. Cardiovascular
e. Nervous
Ans: 1 (e)
2 (d)
3 (c)
4 (b)
