Test Bank Organizational Behavior, 13th Edition Mary Uhl-Bien A+

Description

Organizational climate is the study of human behavior in organizations.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. In the dynamic, shifting, and complex workplaces of today, learning about organizational behavior can help you expand your potential for career success.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. The early focus of the systematic study of management was on physical working conditions, principles of administration, and principles of industrial engineering.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Scientific Foundations of Organizational Behavior

1. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to psychology, sociology, chemistry, and anthropology.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Interdisciplinary Body of Knowledge

1. Research finds that financial capital is the building block of organizational success.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. Given the importance of teams, organizational behavior is an academic discipline devoted only to understanding group behavior.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. Organizational behavior uses scientific methods to develop generalizations about behavior in organizations.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. Research in organizational behavior is based on scientific thinking, which means the proposed explanations are carefully tested and the explanations that can be scientifically verified are the only ones that are accepted.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Method

1. As job satisfaction increases, absenteeism tends to go up; as job satisfaction decreases, absenteeism often goes down.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. Stated a bit differently, contingency thinking recognizes that there are no cookie-cutter solutions that can be universally applied to solve organizational problems.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Contingency Thinking

1. Commonly used organizational behavior research methods include case studies, survey studies, meta analyses, field studies, and laboratory studies.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. When organizational behavior researchers collect data in real-life organizational settings, the research method of case studies is being used.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. Laboratory studies are being used when organizational behavior researchers collect data in simulated and controlled settings.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. When organizational behavior researchers collect data by using questionnaires and interviews in sample populations, the research method of meta analysis is being used.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. Organizational behavior scholars believe that there is one “best” or universal way to manage people and organizations.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Contingency Thinking

1. The least important responsibility of the science of organizational behavior is to create and test models that offer evidence-based foundations for decision making and action.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Quest for Evidence

1. Evidence-based management uses hard facts and empirical evidence to make decisions.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Quest for Evidence

1. Organizational behavior research is now rich with empirically based insights into cross-cultural issues.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Cross-Cultural Awareness

1. Followers are more accepting of a transformational style of leadership, according to Eagley and colleagues, when the leader is male.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Women Might Make Better Leaders

1. In the contemporary business world, important trends include the demise of “command-and-control” type of organizational structures and a commitment to ethical behavior.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Trends with Human Behavior in Organizations

1. A team is defined as a collection of people working together in a division of labor to achieve a common purpose.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. Organizations that obtain resource inputs from the environment and transform them into outputs that are returned to the environment in the form of finished goods or services are viewed as open systems.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. People are hesitant to make decisions and take action on their own, in organizational cultures that are more authoritarian and hierarchical, so they tend to show little initiative and wait for approval.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: The Internal Environment of Organizations

1. Customers, owners, employees, suppliers, regulators, and local communities are among the key stakeholders of most business organizations.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. Fortunately, organizational stakeholders typically have the same business interests and objectives.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. Some organizational climates are relaxed and informal, while others are more structured.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: The Internal Environment of Organizations

1. Workforce diversity involves differences based on gender, race and ethnicity, age, and able-bodiedness, but not sexual orientation.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Unfortunately, today’s labor force is composed of fewer women than in prior years.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Today, the proportion of African-Americans, Hispanics, and Asians in the labor force is increasing.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Demographic trends indicate that unlike today, in the future, people of color will not constitute the majority of the U.S. population.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. A key element in any organization that embraces multiculturalism is inclusion.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Despite the fact that its members are uncommitted and unenthusiastic, an effective manager is one whose organizational unit, group, or team consistently achieves its goals.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. Employee performance is defined as the quality and quantity of the work produced or the services provided by a work unit as a whole.

Ans: False

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. Organizational behavior clearly indicates that managers should be held accountable for task performance results, but not job satisfaction results since job satisfaction results are the domain of employees.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. In the workplace today, management is most effectively accomplished through “directing” and “controlling” rather than “supporting.”

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. The word “manager” is increasingly being replaced in conversations by such terms as “coordinator,” “coach,” or “team leader.”

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. The four basic functions of management are delegating, leading, controlling, and decision making.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Controlling is the process of creating work structures and systems, and arranging resources to accomplish goals and objectives.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. When managers are instilling enthusiasm by communicating with others, motivating them to work hard, and maintaining good interpersonal skills, they are engaged in the managerial function of leading.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Henry Mintzberg identified a set of roles that managers perform. These roles are: interpersonal, informational, and decisional.

Ans: True
Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Henry Mintzberg identified the set of roles that managers perform as technical, human, and conceptual.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Managerial roles that involve working directly with other people, according to Henry Mintzberg, are called human roles.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. A manager’s informational roles include being a figurehead, leader, and liaison.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. According to Henry Mintzberg, when a manager acts as a disturbance handler, this is an interpersonal role.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Managerial roles involving decision-making that affects other people, according to Henry Mintzberg, are called technical roles.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Decisional roles include seeking out problems to solve and opportunities to explore, helping to resolve conflict, allocating resources, and negotiating with other parties.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. The essential skills of management, according to Robert Katz, can be grouped into three categories: interpersonal, informational, and decisional.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Robert Katz, the relative importance of technical, human, and conceptual skills varies across the different levels of management.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Carroll, proficiency in database management is considered a technical skill in today’s workplace.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. Emotional intelligence, the ability to understand and deal with emotions, falls into the category of conceptual skills according to Robert Katz.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. Emotional intelligence includes the human skills of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skill.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Human Skills

1. Leaders succeed when people follow them not because they have to, but because they want to.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. According to Archie Carroll, the moral manager does not subscribe to ethical principles, but instead makes decisions and acts to take best personal advantage of a situation.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. According to Archie Carroll, the manager who unintentionally acts unethically is considered amoral.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. Ethics mindfulness is an “enriched awareness” that causes a manager to behave with an ethical consciousness from one decision or behavioral event to another.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. Learning is an enduring change of behavior that unfortunately cannot come from experience.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Learning about Organizational Behavior

1. Transitional learning refers to the need to learn from day-to-day work experiences, conversations with colleagues and friends, counseling and advice from mentors, success models, training seminars and workshops, and other daily opportunities.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Learning about Organizational Behavior

1. The learning sequence begins with initial experience and subsequent reflection.

Ans: True

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Learning about Organizational Behavior

1. Research finds that because of position all managers make good leaders.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. Because of the experience and position, managers alone are able to solve all the complex problems and address all the challenging situations in organizations.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. Influence leaders are individuals who use influence to create change that benefits the mission and vision of the organization.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5:

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. The organizing process involves individuals being influenced by others.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. Social exchange means tailoring communication in ways to encourage certain interpretations and discourage others.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills

1. The law of exchange says that if someone does something for someone else it will invoke a sense of obligation to return the favor.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills

1. Vertical communication means passing problems or responsibilities upward in the hierarchy.

Ans: False

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Followership Skills

Multiple Choice

1. __________ is a multidisciplinary field devoted to understanding individual and group behavior, interpersonal processes, and organizational dynamics.

a) Organizational behavior

b) Motivation

c) Performance management

d) Workgroup analysis

e) Accounting

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. The increase in teamwork today is a function of all of the following EXCEPT:

a) management’s dislike for individual contributors.

b) organizations can no longer rely on just managers for leadership.

c) leadership is valued by all members.

d) people are valuable human assets.

e) work is increasingly focused on peer contributions.

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Ans: a

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Importance of Organizational Behavior

1. Which of the following reflects the expectations of the new generation of workers?

a) Less tolerant of hierarchy

b) Less high tech

c) More concerned about status

d) Less focus on work/life balance

e) More focus on structure

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium
Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Trends with Human Behavior in Organizations

1. The following statements are accurate descriptions of the evolution of the scientific study of organizations EXCEPT:

a) the early focus of the systematic study of management was on physical working conditions, principles of administration, and principles of industrial engineering.

b) as management research progressed, emphasis was placed on the human factor with respect to individual attitudes, group dynamics, and relationships between managers and workers.

c) organization behavior continues to evolve as a discipline devoted to understanding individuals and groups in organizations.

d) organization behavior continues to evolve as a discipline devoted to understanding the performance implications of organizational processes, systems, and structures.

e) the primary focus on the human factor began in the 18^th century.

Ans: e

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Scientific Foundations of Organizational Behavior

1. From its scientific heritage, organizational behavior has developed all of the following EXCEPT:

a) an emphasis on finding the “one way” to complete all tasks.

b) an interdisciplinary body of knowledge.

c) use of scientific methods.

d) a focus on application.

e) contingency thinking.

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Scientific Foundations of Organizational Behavior

1. Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to all of the following disciplines EXCEPT:

a) psychology.

b) physics.

c) sociology.

d) anthropology.

e) economics.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Interdisciplinary Body of Knowledge

1. Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about organizational behavior?

a) Organizational behavior has strong ties to the behavioral sciences and allied social sciences.

b) Organizational behavior seeks to integrate the diverse insights of the behavioral sciences and allied social sciences.

c) Organizational behavior is divorced from the disciplines of political science and economics.

d) Organizational behavior seeks to improve the quality of work life.

e) Organizational behavior seeks to improve the performance of people, groups, and organizations.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Interdisciplinary Body of Knowledge

1. Organizational behavior goals include all of the following EXCEPT improving the:

a) performance of people.

b) performance of groups.

c) performance of organizations.

d) quality of overall work life.

e) competitive landscape in the industry.

Ans: e

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Interdisciplinary Body of Knowledge

1. Scientific method models link __________ with __________.

a) independent variables; dependent variables

b) specific variables; contingency variables

c) proven variables; open variables

d) discovered variables; unexplored variables

e) highly publicized variables; undisclosed variables

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. Scientific thinking is important to organizational behavior researchers and scholars for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

a) the process of data collection is controlled.

b) the process of data collection is systematic.

c) proposed explanations are carefully tested.

d) only explanations that can be scientifically verified are accepted.

e) the process of data collection is discretionary.

Ans: e

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. All of the following are important research questions addressing applications within the field of organizational behavior EXCEPT:

a) What creates job satisfaction for people at work?

b) How can ethical and socially responsible behavior in and by organizations be assured?

c) Should decisions be made by individual, consultative, or group methods?

d) What are the ingredients for marketing promotions within organizations?

e) How can organizational cultures be changed?

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Focus on Application

1. __________ are simplified views of reality that attempt to explain real-world phenomena.

a) Models

b) Incubators

c) Theories

d) Scientific methods

e) Reproductions

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Uses of Scientific Methods

1. As an OB researcher, Amy is using statistics to pool the results of different studies. Which research method is Amy using?

a) Survey studies

b) Case studies

c) Meta-analysis

d) Field studies

e) Laboratory studies

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Women Might Make Better Leaders

1. According to Eagley, which of the following is not considered a possible leadership strength of women?

a) Good at mentoring

b) More transformational

c) Very inspiring

d) Fairness in punishing

e) Encourage creativity

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Possible Leadership Strengths of Women

1. Which of the following is an enduring change of behavior that results from experience?

a) Learning

b) Managerial sense-making

c) Organizational tracking

d) Lifelong careers

e) Managerial scholarship

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Learning about Organizational Behavior

1. Initial experience of the experiential learning cycle in an organizational behavior course, focuses on:

a) personal experiences, the classroom as an organization, in-class exercises and simulations, group project assignments, and cases.

b) personal thoughts, class discussions, informal discussions, readings, lectures, and written assignments.

c) personal experiences, personal thoughts, personal theories, and trying new personal behaviors.

d) theories in readings, theories from lectures, personal theories, and theories from other sources.

e) trying new behaviors in work experiences, class experiences, and everyday experiences.

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Learning about Organizational Behavior

1. Rather than assuming that there is one “best” or universal way to manage people in organizations, which approach do researchers use to try to identify how different situations can be best understood and handled?

a) Scientific

b) Industrial engineering

c) Contingency

d) Emotional intelligence

e) Laboratory study

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Contingency Thinking

1. As an OB researcher, Samantha focuses on looking in depth at single situations. Samantha is using which of these research methods?

a) Survey studies

b) Case studies

c) Meta-analysis

d) Field studies

e) Laboratory studies

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Use of Scientific Methods

1. The realities of the contemporary business world include all of the following trends EXCEPT:

a) the demise of “command-and-control” organizational structures.

b) the importance of human capital.

c) a commitment to ethical behavior.

d) an emphasis on individuals working independently of one another.

e) a changing definition of jobs and career.

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Trends with Human Behavior in Organizations

1. Apart from __________________, all of the following are trends in the contemporary business world.

a) pervasive influence of information technology

b) respect for new workforce expectations

c) emphasis on teamwork

d) increase in “command-and-control” leadership

e) changing careers

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Trends with Human Behavior in Organizations

1. All of the following are characteristic of Generation F at work EXCEPT:

a) no one kills an idea.

b) credentials overrule contributions.

c) people choose tasks that interest them.

d) wisdom lies within the crowd.

e) resources flow toward good ideas and projects.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Things are Changing as Today’s Grads Go To Work

1. According to research data, women earn only __________ cents per dollar earned by men.

a) 50

b) 68

c) 75

d) 90

e) 95

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. A collection of people working together in a division of labor to achieve a common purpose refers to a(n):

a) club.

b) labor union.

c) organization.

d) mission.

e) team.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations as Work Settings

1. All of the following are examples of organizations EXCEPT:

a) small and large businesses.

b) religious bodies.

c) voluntary organization.

d) a government representative.

e) hospital.

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. The match of organizational culture and individual characteristics is called a(n):

a) fit.

b) agreement.

c) union.

d) harmony.

e) accord.

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: The Internal Environment of Organizations

1. Since organizations obtain resource inputs from the environment and transform them into outputs that are returned to the environment in the form of finished goods or services, they may be viewed as:

a) stakeholders.

b) suppliers.

c) open systems.

d) transformational paradigms.

e) resource allocators.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. Among the following, who are considered to be stakeholders?

a) Customers

b) Owners

c) Employees

d) Local communities

e) All of the above

Ans: e

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. At ABC Services, Inc., all employees share a common set of beliefs and values that influence their behavior. This refers to organizational:

a) mission.

b) purpose.

c) strategy.

d) culture.

e) stakeholders.

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: The Internal Environment of Organizations

1. The term multiculturalism, as used in OB, refers to:

a) hiring people from different cultures to work in one company.

b) pluralism and respect for diversity.

c) developing employees to better understand people from non-United States cultures.

d) a job rotation system whereby employees move from country to country.

e) a job design system whereby managers are required to oversee people from different countries.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Demographic trends driving workforce diversity in American society today include:

a) fewer number of women in the labor force.

b) fewer African-Americans in the labor force.

c) fewer Hispanics in the labor force.

d) an increasing percentage of people of color in the labor force.

e) more white males in the labor force.

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. The degree to which the culture respects and values diversity and is open to anyone who can perform a job, regardless of their diversity attributes, is known as:

a) stockholder diversity.

b) inclusion.

c) multiple culturalism.

d) cultural sensitivity.

e) constructive culture.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Susan, working at Toddler Toys, helps others achieve high levels of both performance and satisfaction. Susan can be described as a(n):

a) executive.

b) effective manager.

c) director.

d) supervisor.

e) team follower.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. As a manager, Jermaine, defines goals, set performance objectives, and identify action steps for accomplishing them. Jermaine is engaged in which management function?

a) Planning

b) Organizing

c) Leading

d) Directing

e) Controlling

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Suppose that the company’s president decides to develop a policy to increase the company’s commitment to its employees and then develops a set of procedures to implement this policy. The president is engaged in which management function?

a) Planning

b) Organizing

c) Leading

d) Directing

e) Controlling

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Joanna, a manager at TravelWorld, has set up a committee to develop procedures for dealing with company‑wide training needs and assigned people to conduct specific training programs. Joanna is engaged in which management function?

a) Planning

b) Organizing

c) Motivating

d) Leading

e) Controlling

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Suppose a manager starts an affirmative action program to increase opportunities for minority advancement and then clearly and convincingly communicates the objectives of the program to all employees. By doing this the manager gains their support and participation. This manager is engaged in which management function?

a) Planning

b) Organizing

c) Leading

d) Motivating

e) Controlling

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Abbey is responsible for monitoring the progress of an affirmative action program to advance minorities within ABC Corporation. She reviews progress on changes in employee attitudes, calls special meetings to discuss problems, and makes appropriate adjustments in the program as needed. Abbey is engaged in which management function?

a) Planning

b) Organizing

c) Leading

d) Controlling

e) Delegating

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Henry Mintzberg identified a set of roles that managers perform. These roles are grouped into which of the following three categories?

a) Interpersonal, strategic, and decisional

b) Strategic, informational, and political

c) Interpersonal, informational, and decisional

d) Supervisory, authoritarian, and decisional

e) Supervisory, informational, and strategic

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. According to Henry Mintzberg, which of the following represent informational roles?

a) Figurehead, leader, and spokesperson

b) Monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson

c) Negotiator, entrepreneur, and resource allocator

d) Leader, disseminator, and entrepreneur

e) Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, and resource allocator

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Which of the following descriptions of Mintzberg’s managerial roles is correct?

a) Interpersonal roles include the monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson.

b) Informational roles include the figurehead, leader, and liaison.

c) Decisional roles include the entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.

d) Decisional roles include the leader, disturbance handler and spokesperson.

e) Informational roles include the figurehead, monitor, leader and spokesperson.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. The essential skills of management, according to Robert Katz, can be grouped into which of the following three categories?

a) Technical, interpersonal, and informational

b) Technical, human, and conceptual

c) Interpersonal, decisional, and informational

d) Organizing, planning, and leading

e) Leading, decisional, and human

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Robert Katz, all of the following statements are correct EXCEPT the:

a) technical skills are considered important for supervisors and team leaders who must deal with job-specific problems.

b) conceptual skills are important for senior executives who deal with organizational purpose, mission and strategy issues.

c) technical skills are equally important for both entry and senior level management positions.

d) conceptual skills are important for senior executives who must deal with broad, ambiguous and long-term decisions.

e) human skills are consistently important across all managerial levels.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. Riya, a manager at Planet Save, is using spreadsheet software to prepare a departmental budget. Riya is using which managerial skill according to Katz?

a) Supervisory

b) Conceptual

c) Creative

d) Technical

e) Human

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. In trying to work out an acceptable solution to a problem, managers who rely on their understanding of other people and who empathize with others’ feelings are using which managerial skill according to Katz?

a) Supervisory

b) Conceptual

c) Creative

d) Technical

e) Human

Ans: e

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. Important dimensions of emotional intelligence include all of the following human skills EXCEPT:

a) self-awareness.

b) self-regulation.

c) technical skill.

d) empathy.

e) social skill.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. ______ skill involves the capacity to analyze and solve complex and interrelated problems.

a) Supervisory

b) Conceptual

c) Creative

d) Technical

e) Human

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. A manager who thinks critically and analytically when developing an organizational strategy for dealing with a highly competitive global environment is using which managerial skill?

a) Supervisory

b) Conceptual

c) Creative

d) Technical

e) Human

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. Which of these refers to a capacity to get things done due to relationships with other people?

a) Social capital

b) Value chain

c) Task performance

d) Workforce diversity

e) Open systems

Ans: a

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Archie Carroll, if a manager doesn’t subscribe to any ethical decision-making principles and acts in any situation to simply take personal advantage, he or she would be classified as a(n):

a) moral manager.

b) amoral manager.

c) immoral manager.

d) ombudsman manager.

e) opportunistic manager.

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. The ethics center of gravity can be moved positively in a virtuous shift with:

a) emotionally intelligent leadership.

b) immoral leadership.

c) amoral leadership.

d) moral leadership.

e) philanthropic leadership.

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. Majority of managers, according to Archie B. Carroll, are:

a) immoral.

b) amoral.

c) moral.

d) mindful.

e) creative.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. Individuals who use influence to create change that benefits the mission and vision of the organization are called ___________ leaders.

a) mission

b) effective

c) change

d) influential

e) powerful

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. Types of change leaders influence in organizations include all of the following EXCEPT:

a) Advancing new ideas.

b) Forcing managers to change direction when they are going off course.

c) Pointing out changes that need to be made to rules.

d) Inspiring peers to support a manager’s initiative.

e) Pointing out changes that need to be made to policies.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. A leader’s positive influence emerges from persuasiveness, competence, and _______ skills.

a) technical

b) influential

c) human

d) conceptual

e) practical

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. The _________ process involves individuals being influenced by others.

a) influencing

b) managerial

c) leadership

d) delegation

e) control

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. Jordan focuses on tailoring his communication in ways to encourage certain interpretations and discourage others. This is called:

a) law of reciprocity.

b) framing.

c) delegating upward.

d) law of interpreting.

e) social exchange.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Application

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Followership Skills

1. The law of __________ says that if someone does something for someone else it will invoke a sense of obligation to return the favor.

a) favors

b) obligations

c) reciprocity

d) exchange

e) tradeoffs

Ans: c

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills

1. Building human relationships and trust through exchanges of favors based on reciprocity is called

a) law of scientific management.

b) framing.

c) inclusion.

d) social exchange.

e) communication delegation.

Ans: d

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills

1. Which type of delegation means passing problems or responsibilities upward in the hierarchy?

a) Rising delegation.

b) Upward delegation.

c) Ascending delegation.

d) Vertical delegation.

e) Upright delegation.

Ans: b

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Followership Skills

Short answer

1. What is the study of human behavior in organizations called?

Ans: Organization behavior

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: What is Organizational Behavior?

1. As job satisfaction increases, absenteeism tends to do what?

Ans: Decrease

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Use of Scientific Methods

1. When organizational behavior researchers collect data in real-life organizational settings, what research method is being used?

Ans: Field studies

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Use of Scientific Methods

1. When organizational behavior researchers collect data in simulated and controlled settings, what research method is being used?

Ans: Laboratory studies

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Use of Scientific Methods

1. Rather than assuming that there is one “best” or universal way to manage people in organizations, what approach do researchers use to try to identify how different situations can be best understood and handled?

Ans: Contingency thinking

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Contingency Thinking

1. What is evidence-based management?

Ans: Evidence-based management uses hard facts and empirical evidence to make decisions.

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 2: How do we learn about organizational behavior?

Reference: Quest for Evidence

1. Who are the people, groups, and institutions that are affected by and thus have an interest in an organization’s performance?

Ans: Stakeholders

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Organizations and the External Environment

1. What is organizational culture?

Ans: Shared beliefs and values that influence the behavior of organizational members

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: The Internal Environment of Organizations

1. What is workforce diversity?

Ans: The presence of differences based on gender, race and ethnicity, age, able-bodiedness, and sexual orientation in a business organization.

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. By the year 2060, which demographic group will comprise nearly 30% of the US population?

Ans: Hispanic

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. What is a key element in any organization that embraces multiculturalism?

Ans: Inclusion

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. What are the two key outcomes on which an effective manager will focus?

Ans: Task performance and job satisfaction
Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. Who is a manager?

Ans: A person who supports the work efforts of other people

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Effective Managers

1. What are the four basic functions of management?

Ans: Planning; organizing; leading; controlling

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Defining goals, setting performance objectives, and identifying action steps for accomplishing them describes which management function?

Ans: Planning

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. What is the process of creating work structures and systems, and arranging resources to accomplish goals and objectives?

Ans: Organizing

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Describe the managerial function of leading.

Ans: Instilling enthusiasm by communicating with others, motivating them to work hard, and maintaining good interpersonal skills is the managerial activity of leading.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Which managerial function concerns itself with ensuring that things go well by monitoring performance and taking corrective action as necessary?

Ans: Controlling

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. According to Henry Mintzberg, what are the managerial roles that involve working directly with other people?

Ans: Interpersonal roles

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. According to Henry Mintzberg, what are the managerial roles that involve the exchange of information with other people?

Ans: Informational roles

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. According to Robert Katz, what are the three categories of managerial skills?

Ans: Technical; human; conceptual

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Robert Katz, what is an ability to perform specialized tasks?

Ans: A technical skill

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Katz, in trying to work out an acceptable solution to a problem, managers who rely on their understanding of other people and who empathize with others’ feelings are using which managerial skill?

Ans: Human

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Essential Managerial Skills

1. According to Daniel Goleman, what is the ability to understand and deal with emotions?

Ans: Emotional intelligence

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Easy

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Human Skills

1. A management team that thinks critically and analytically when developing an organizational strategy for dealing with a highly competitive global environment is using which managerial skill?

Ans: Conceptual

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Conceptual Skills

1. What is the ability to understand the emotions of others called?

Ans: Empathy

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Human Skills

1. What is it called when problems or responsibilities are passed upward in the organizational hierarchy?

Ans: Upward Delegation

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Followership Skills

1. What is it called when someone does something for someone else and it invokes the sense of obligation to return the favor?

Ans: The Law of Reciprocity

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills

1. What is essential to the process of leadership?

Ans: Following

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Effective Leaders

1. What is it called when one must tailor communication in ways to encourage certain interpretations and discourage others?

Ans: Framing

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Followership Skills

1. What is it called when you build human relationships and trust through exchanges of favors based on reciprocity?

Ans: Social Exchange

Bloom’s: Knowledge

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills

Essay

1. Why is learning about organizational behavior important?

Suggested Answer: Learning about organizational behavior is important because it directly benefits you. It helps you to understand how to work more effectively and be more influential in work situations. Today’s knowledge-based world places a great premium on learning. Only the learners, so to speak, will be able to keep the pace and succeed in a high-tech, global, and constantly changing environment.

Bloom’s: Analysis

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Importance of Organizational Behavior

1. Identify the trends that are affecting organizational behavior and explain why these trends are occurring.

Suggested Answer: Following trends are currently affecting organizational behavior. These trends and the reasons why they are occurring are described as follows:

(a) commitment to ethical behavior ¾ there is a growing intolerance of breaches of public faith by organizations and those who run them, and a growing concern for ethical behavior in the workplace; (b) broader views of leadership ¾ new pressures and demands mean organizations can no longer rely on just managers for leadership; (c) emphasis on human capital and teamwork¾ success is earned through knowledge, experience, and commitments to people as valuable human assets; (d) demise of “command-and-control” –– traditional hierarchical structures, which are proving incapable of handling new environmental pressures and demands, are being replaced by flexible structures and participatory work settings; (e) importance of connections and networks—work is increasingly being done through personal connections and networks; in this environment, building effective relationships face-to-face and online is a must-have career skill (f) influence of information technologies –– as computers increasingly penetrate all aspects of the workplace, implications for workflows, work processes, and organizational systems are far reaching; (g) respect for new workforce expectations –– the new generation of workers is less tolerant of hierarchy, more informal, and less concerned about status; organizations are paying more attention to how members balance the demands and priorities of work and personal affairs; and (h) changing concept of careers ¾ more employers are using offshoring and outsourcing of jobs and more individuals are working as independent contractors rather than as traditional full-time employees (i) concern for sustainability – managers and organization members are thinking more about decision making and goal setting in organizations paying attention to the environment, climate justice and preservation of resources.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 1: What is organizational behavior and why is it important?

Reference: Trends with Behavior in Organizations

1. Define the term workforce diversity. Why is workforce diversity an important issue for contemporary organizations?

Suggested Answer: Workforce diversity is the presence of differences in a firm’s employees based on gender, race and ethnicity, age, able-bodiedness, and sexual orientation. Workforce diversity is an important issue for contemporary organizations because success in the workplace increasingly requires a set of skills for working successfully with a broad mix of people from different racial and ethnic backgrounds, of different ages and genders, and of different domestic and national cultures.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 3: What is the context of organizational behavior?

Reference: Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations

1. Briefly describe each of the four functions of management. Describe Mintzberg’s managerial roles and explain how they are helpful in performing the four functions of management.

Suggested Answer: The four functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning is the process of setting objectives and determining what actions should be taken to accomplish them. Organizing is the process of assigning tasks, allocating resources, and arranging and coordinating the activities of individuals and groups to implement plans. Leading is the process of arousing people’s enthusiasm to work hard and directing their efforts to fulfill plans and accomplish objectives. Controlling is the process of measuring work performance, comparing results to objectives, and taking corrective action as needed. Mintzberg’s managerial roles include the following:

(a) interpersonal roles (figurehead, leader, and liaison) involve interactions with people inside and outside the work unit; (b) informational roles (monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson) involve giving, receiving, and analyzing information; and (c) decisional roles (entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator) involve using information to make decisions, solve problems, or address opportunities. While all ten managerial roles might be used at one time or another in performing each of the four functions of management, many of them are more likely to be used in carrying out certain managerial functions. The entrepreneurial role, for instance, is closely linked to the managerial function of planning. In this role, direction is being set for the organization. The liaison, disseminator, and resource allocator roles are closely associated with organizing. The figurehead, leader, and spokesperson roles are closely aligned with leading. The monitor role is related primarily to controlling.

Bloom’s: Synthesis

Level: Difficult

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: The Management Process

1. Human skills such as emotional intelligence are indispensable in the new age of organizations. Identify and define five important dimensions of emotional intelligence that can and should be developed by any manager today.

Suggested Answer: Self-awareness is the ability to understand one’s own moods and emotions.

Self-regulation is the ability to think before acting and control bad impulses.

Motivation is the ability to work hard and persevere.

Empathy is the ability to understand the emotions of others.

Social skill is the ability to gain rapport with others and build good relationships.

Bloom’s: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Human Skills

1. When it comes to ethics and morality, Archie Carroll draws a distinction between managers. Identify and briefly explain the three managerial categories defined by Carroll.

Suggested Answer: The immoral manager does not subscribe to any ethical principles, but instead makes decisions and acts to stake best personal advantage of a situation.

The amoral manager, by contracts, fails to consider the ethics of a decision or behavior. This manager acts unethically at time, but unintentionally.

The moral manager is one who incorporates ethics principles and goals into his or her personal behavior. For this manager, ethical behavior is a goal, a standard, and even a matter of routine.

Blooms: Comprehension

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 4: What are the challenges of management in organizations?

Reference: Ethical Management

1. List and explain three essential leadership skills of effective leaders.

Suggested Answer: Effective leaders must be able to frame communication in ways that others will listen. They must recognize that relationships are developed through social exchange and must manage exchange processes to build partnerships and networks. They must be able to help others out when needed because they understand the law of reciprocity and that by helping out others they will feel obligated to return the favor.

Bloom’s: Analysis

Level: Medium

Learning Objective 5: What are the challenges of leadership in organizations?

Reference: Essential Leadership Skills