Test Bank Sport and Physical Culture in Canadian Society, 2nd Edition Jay Scherer A=

Description

1. A suitable definition of ‘society’ would be:
2. The ability of individuals and groups to act independently in a goal-directed manner to shape society
3. The various capacities that enable and constrain individuals or groups to engage in practices and social relations
4. The structured social relations and institutions among a large community of people which cannot be reduced to a simple collection or aggregation of individuals
5. The activities, norms, customs, values, symbols, and shared meanings and materials that are part of the day-to-day lives of those in groups

Answer: C

Page: 2

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. Evidence of the ‘democratization’ of sport can best be seen in which of the following examples?
2. Sporting opportunities continuing to go predominantly to middle-class and upper-middle class Canadians
3. The increasing presence of women in sport, particularly over the last 50 years
4. The gradual increase in the use of legal drugs and supplements in sport
5. The encroachment of politics into sport, for example through the creation of a Canadian Sports Minister

Answer: B

Page: 3

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Applied

1. The 2017 North American Indigenous Games held in Toronto, Ontario had how many competitors?
   1. 1,500
   2. 5,000
   3. 10,000
   4. 500

Answer: B

Page: 3

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Factual

1. Which of the following is NOT true according to a research paper published by Canadian Heritage in 2013?
   1. Sport participation rates across the country continue to increase
   2. Men are more likely to participate in sport than women
   3. Higher income earners are more likely to participate in sport than less affluent Canadians
   4. Sport participation of non-Anglophones is declining

Answer: A

Page: 3

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Factual/Conceptual

1. Which of the following would NOT be a good example of a critical question that a sociology of sport student might ask in relation to this field of study?
   1. Will leagues with high rates of concussions and other injuries, like the CFL and NFL, still exist in two decades?
   2. Why do so many cities invest significant amounts of public funds in ‘world class’ sports arenas and stadiums?
   3. Why has participation in sport historically been stratified by age, gender, race, and socio-economic status?
   4. Why do athletes sometimes choke under pressure or show lapses in concentration at critical moments during a game?

Answer: D

Page: 4-5

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. As of 2018, what percentage of head coaching positions in Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) is held by women?
   1. 19%
   2. 24%
   3. 17%
   4. 11%

Answer: C

Page: 5

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Factual

1. The British sociologist Anthony Giddens argued that the underlying goal of sociology is to:
   1. understand society only
   2. provide other academics with a critical analysis of society
   3. improve society, after a critical analysis of the current social situation
   4. critically analyze society, and sport, with an eye to developing theories

Answer: C

Page: 6

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. As a sociologist of sport, all of the following would be an academic goal, EXCEPT:
   1. to critically examine the role of sport in the lives of people
   2. to explain the diffusion of sport across societies
   3. to contribute to the knowledge base in sociology in a general way
   4. to examine how sport affects the individual psychologically

Answer: D

Page: 6

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. As a sociologist of sport, you would argue that:
   1. sport is simply a reflection of society
   2. sport enables some people to reproduce current societal practices or resist them
   3. there is no reciprocity between sport and society in terms of each affecting the other
   4. sport is seldom shaped by broader power relations

Answer: B

Page: 6-7

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. In terms of what the sociologist of sport actually does, which of the following is NOT true?
   1. They serve as experts to government.
   2. They advocate for the rights of athletes.
   3. They promote human development within physical education.
   4. They promote performance efficiency models in sport science.

Answer: D

Page: 6-7

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. Performance enhancing drugs like Viagra and Cialis are promoted during popular sports broadcasts in order to:
   1. reach male audiences
   2. legitimize the drug
   3. lead viewers to believe that the athletes use these drugs
   4. reach both female and male audiences in greater numbers

Answer: A

Page: 7

Difficulty: Easy

Skill: Conceptual

1. Failing to develop a practical consciousness in relation to sport would make it more difficult to:
   1. Challenge your taken-for-granted beliefs about its role in society
   2. Refine your understanding of dominant ideologies as you encounter new experiences, ideas and information
   3. Reaffirm and strengthen one’s beliefs about its impact on our social world, through personal experience
   4. Passively accept dominant ideologies and uncritically accept social norms

Answer: D

Page: 7

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Applied

1. The sociology of sport emerged as an area of academic study in the:
   1. 1940s, against the backdrop of the Second World War
   2. 1960s, against the backdrop of the Vietnam War and burgeoning US civil rights movement
   3. 1980s, against the backdrop of the Ronald Reagan’s effort to end the Cold War
   4. 1990s, against the backdrop of the War in Iraq

Answer: B

Page: 8

Difficulty: Easy

Skill: Factual

1. Which of the following would NOT be considered a significant difference between the organization of American and Canadian societies?
   1. Different visions for foreign policy
   2. Different conceptions of and commitments to the provision of public services, like healthcare
   3. Competing visions of the roles and structures of government
   4. Different societal infrastructures and institutions

Answer: D

Page: 8

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. According to the definition of sport used in the text and most Canadians, which of the following would be MOST likely to be considered a sport in Canadian society?
   1. Poker
   2. Snowboarding
   3. tic-tac-toe
   4. skipping

Answer: B

Page: 10

Difficulty: Easy

Skill: Applied

1. Which of the following is defined as physical activity that is self-initiated with no fixed start or stop time?
   1. Tangential sport
   2. Extra-curricular sport
   3. Informal sport
   4. Latent sport

Answer: C

Page: 11

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. A good example of Informal sport would be:
   1. A children’s swim meet, run by parent volunteers, where ribbons are awarded to the top 3 finishers
   2. An adult women’s soccer league, administered by a governing body, complete with referees and a fixture list
   3. Drop-in hockey at a local recreation centre, every Tuesday evening, from 7-9pm
   4. An impromptu game of ultimate Frisbee at a local park

Answer: D

Page: 11

Difficulty: Easy

Skill: Applied

1. To understand the concept of physical culture, we must:
   1. Attend to the social and cultural contexts that the body exists within
   2. Ignore the broader social forces that exert influences on the body and focus on its physiology and biomechanics
   3. Train our bodies to more effectively and efficiently perform given tasks
   4. Appreciate that our bodies exist in isolation from the outside world

Answer: A

Page: 12

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. A good definition of the sociological imagination would be:
   1. The structured social relations and institutions among a large community of people which cannot be reduced to a simple collection or aggregation of individuals
   2. The ability to go beyond personal issues and to make connections to social structures, history, and broader power relations
   3. The activities, norms, customs, values, symbols, and shared meanings and materials that are part of the day-to-day lives of those in groups
   4. The process through which dominant individual and groups are able to exert moral and intellectual leadership to establish ideological systems of meanings and values as ‘common sense’ in democratic societies

Answer: B

Page: 13

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. Which of the following would NOT be a good example of applying the sociological imagination to understand another person’s struggles and achievements in life?
   1. Considering the struggles and achievements of Nelson Mandela in the context of the apartheid regime in South Africa
   2. Considering the struggles and achievements of Muhammad Ali in the context of the American civil rights movement and escalating political activism in the US with regard to the Vietnam War
   3. Considering the struggles and achievements of Billie Jean King in the context of her intense dedication to tennis and strict training regimen
   4. Consider the struggles and opportunities of Abraham Lincoln in the context of the emerging US Civil War and disputes over the legality and morality of slavery

Answer: C

Page: 13

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Applied

1. Which of the following sensitivities associated with the sociological imagination means to be aware that to truly understand the sporting present we must understand the sporting past?
   1. Comparative
   2. Critical
   3. Material
   4. Historical

Answer: D

Page: 14-16

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. Which of the following sensitivities associated with the sociological imagination means to be aware of how sport is socially constructed and takes on different meanings and forms in different cultures?
   1. Comparative
   2. Critical
   3. Material
   4. Historical

Answer: A

Page: 14-16

Difficulty: Challenging

Skill: Conceptual

1. According to research undertaken by historian Ann Hall, the Edmonton Grads were...
   1. A men’s university baseball team that went unbeaten in nine years of competition during the 1950s
   2. A women’s university tennis team in the early 1900s that saw five of its players win the Canadian National Championships and also averaged a 4.0 GPA in their studies upon graduation
   3. A women’s basketball team that had over a 95% win rate in the 1920s and 30s
   4. The first mixed men’s and women’s soccer team to compete in the Western Football Association formed in Kitchener, Ontario in the 1880s

Answer: C

Page: 15

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Factual

1. According to Ken Dryden in his book about the hockey player Steve Montador, which of the following is NOT advocated by him as a potential rule change to make the game safer?
   1. An end to fighting
   2. No hits to the head
   3. No finishing checks
   4. No forward passes from behind the opposing team’s blue line

Answer: D

Page: 16

Difficulty: Easy

Skill: Conceptual

1. The ability of individuals and groups to act independently in a goal-directed manner and to pursue their own free choices is referred to as:
   1. social structure
   2. agency
   3. the sociological imagination
   4. hegemony

Answer: B

Page: 17

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. Rick Gruneau contends that there are three notable measures of power of different social groups that need to be considered in the sociology of sport. Which of the following is NOT one of these three?
   1. the capacity to institutionalize preferences in sports rules and organizations
   2. the capacity to establish sports traditions
   3. the capacity to define the range of legitimate meanings associated with dominant sports practices
   4. the capacity to determine who gets in and who is left out of both formal and informal sport

Answer: D

Page: 18

Difficulty: Challenging

Skill: Conceptual

1. Which of the following is a framework of beliefs that guides behaviour?
   1. Agency
   2. Social structure
   3. Ideology
   4. Reciprocity

Answer: C

Page: 18-19

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Conceptual

1. A good example of an ideology related to sport that, often indirectly, serves the interests of dominant groups and legitimizes their position would be:
   1. The ideology that sporting achievements are governed by a meritocracy, where the best and hardest-working athletes always rise to the top
   2. The ideology that sports can sometimes be bad for your health, given the new research on concussions
   3. The ideology that elite athletes are human beings, like us, who make mistakes and should not always and necessarily be considered good role models for our children
   4. The ideology that hosting sports mega events like the Olympic Games can have far-reaching and negative consequences for local people

Answer: A

Page: 19

Difficulty: Challenging

Skill: Applied

1. According to Connell, hegemonic masculinity is based on:
   1. aggression, emotional stoicism, and violence
   2. violence, assertiveness, and cooperation
   3. aggression, strict rules, and reciprocity
   4. complicated regulations, teamwork, and violence

Answer: A

Page: 19

Difficulty: Challenging

Skill: Conceptual

1. According to the text, the value in Gramsci’s approach to a sociological study of sport is that it _____ the analysis of sport and culture.
   1. Culturizes
   2. Politicizes
   3. Racializes
   4. Sexualizes

Answer: B

Page: 19

Difficulty: Moderate

Skill: Applied